Which of the following birds is NOT protected under the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act?

The House Sparrow is not protected under the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act because it is classified as a non-native species. This legislation primarily aims to protect migratory bird species that are considered native or naturally occurring within the United States. Non-native species, such as the House Sparrow, are often not afforded the same protections because their introduction can disrupt local ecosystems and lead to competition with native birds for resources.

In contrast, species like the Goldfinch, Blue Jay, and White-crowned Sparrow are native birds that play significant roles in their ecosystems and are therefore protected under this act. The intent of the act is to conserve and manage native bird populations while recognizing the ecological importance of maintaining biodiversity. Thus, the House Sparrow's status as a non-native species, which has adapted well to urban environments and often proliferates at the expense of native birds, is why it is excluded from protection under this significant piece of legislation.