Which of the following is NOT part of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecological approach that combines different management strategies and practices to control pest populations effectively and sustainably. The methodology aims to minimize the use of chemical pesticides while maximizing the ecological safety and effectiveness of pest control strategies.

The correct choice, which refers to the "exclusive use of chemical control," stands out because it contradicts one of the core principles of IPM. This integrated approach encourages the use of multiple methods, including biological control, cultural practices, and targeted pesticide applications, rather than solely relying on chemical solutions. Exclusive reliance on chemical control can lead to various issues, such as pest resistance to pesticides, negative impacts on non-target organisms, and environmental degradation.

Biological control methods, insecticide application (when used judiciously), and cultural control practices are all components that can be integrated into an effective IPM strategy, focusing on long-term pest management rather than short-term fixes. Therefore, the option highlighting exclusive chemical control does not align with the holistic and multi-faceted nature of IPM, making it the correct choice for what is NOT part of Integrated Pest Management.