Which of the following is a protected species under the Endangered Species Act?

The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was enacted to protect species that are at risk of extinction and to recover their populations. The California condor is listed as an endangered species under this act due to its critically low population, which has been affected by habitat destruction, lead poisoning, and other environmental threats. Conservation efforts are ongoing to help recover these majestic birds, making it a specific focus of the ESA.

In contrast, the common sparrow, house finch, and pigeon are not considered threatened or endangered and thus do not receive the same level of legal protection under the ESA. These birds are more abundant and widespread, reflecting their stability in terms of population and habitat. Therefore, identifying the California condor as a protected species highlights the importance of the Endangered Species Act in safeguarding vulnerable wildlife.